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Microorganisms metabolize organic matter in the wastewater in biological treatment. īiological treatment processes are used to break down the organic matter present in wastewater, such as soap, human waste, oils, and food. Alkaline chlorination uses chlorine as an oxidant against cyanide. The pollutants then undergo structural modification and become less destructive compounds. With the introduction of an oxidizing agent during chemical oxidation, electrons move from the oxidant to the pollutants in wastewater. The grease found on the surface of some wastewater can also be removed easily through this method.Īfter larger particle groups are formed, sedimentation can be used to remove the particles from the mixture. The sand filter is the most commonly used filter. Special types of filters can be used to pass the wastewater and separate the contaminants and insoluble particles present in it. Filtration, the third method, is used for filtering out all the contaminants. This process consists of circulating air through the water to provide oxygen to it. Once the insoluble material settles down at the bottom, the pure water can be separated.Īnother effective physical water treatment technique includes aeration.
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One of the main techniques of physical wastewater treatment includes sedimentation, which is a process of suspending the insoluble/heavy particles from the wastewater. Processes like screening (Bar screen) sedimentation and skimming (Grit chamber) are used to remove the solids.
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This can prevent pumps and equipment from damage. Physical methods are used to remove large objects and non-degradable materials from wastewater. Effects of wastewater quality and quantity fluctuations are considered highly influential in the selection of the WWTP. If the WWTP is designed properly and based on an analysis of the wastewater flow and characteristics, the WWTP will effectively reduce contaminant levels to be legally compliant, and thereby reduce river contamination. For most contaminants, there is more than one treatment option, and the different methods in question will differ in effectiveness, as well as investment and operation cost involved. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) usually combine at least two types, depending on the composition of the wastewater. There are three types of treatment processes to treat wastewater, including physical treatment, chemical treatment, and biological treatment.